Parameter: λ₁₂

Parameter: λ₁₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₁₂²λ₁₄-σ₁₁σ₂₂λ₁₄+σ₁₄σ₂₂-σ₁₂σ₂₄

Single Door Criterion:

{1} ⊥ {3,4} | {2}
{1} ⊥ {4} | {2,3}

Parameter: λ₂₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₁₂²λ₂₄-σ₁₂σ₁₄-σ₁₁σ₂₂λ₂₄+σ₁₁σ₂₄

Single Door Criterion:

{2} ⊥ {3,4} | {1}
{2} ⊥ {4} | {1,3}

Parameter: ω₁₁ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₁₁+ω₁₁

Parameter: ω₁₂

Parameter: ω₂₂

Parameter: ω₃₃ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₃₃+ω₃₃

Parameter: ω₃₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₃₄+ω₃₄

Parameter: ω₄₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₁₄²σ₂₂+2σ₁₂σ₁₄σ₂₄-σ₁₁σ₂₄²-σ₁₂²σ₄₄+σ₁₁σ₂₂σ₄₄+σ₁₂²ω₄₄-σ₁₁σ₂₂ω₄₄

Total Effect of X₁ on X₄: λ₁₂λ₂₄+λ₁₄

Path-specific Effect of X₁ on X₄: λ₁₂λ₂₄

Vanishing Ideal

Constraint Set:

σ₂₃,
σ₁₃

All constraints are determinantal

Trek-separation:

{1,2} ⊥ {3} | ({},{})
{1,2} ⊥ {4,3} | ({},{4})
{1,2} ⊥ {2,3} | ({},{2})
{1,2} ⊥ {1,3} | ({},{1})