Parameter: λ₁₃ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₁₁λ₁₃-σ₁₃,
σ₁₄σ₂₃λ₁₃-σ₁₃σ₂₄λ₁₃+σ₂₄σ₃₃-σ₂₃σ₃₄

Single Door Criterion:

{1} ⊥ {2,3} | {}
{1} ⊥ {3} | {2}

Parameter: λ₁₄

Parameter: λ₂₃ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₂₂λ₂₃-σ₂₃

Single Door Criterion:

{2} ⊥ {1,3,4} | {}
{2} ⊥ {3,4} | {1}

Parameter: λ₃₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₂₃λ₃₄-σ₂₄,
σ₁₃²λ₃₄-σ₁₃σ₁₄-σ₁₁σ₃₃λ₃₄+σ₁₁σ₃₄

Single Door Criterion:

{3} ⊥ {4} | {1}
{3} ⊥ {4} | {1,2}

Instrumental Variable:

2 | {}
2 | {1}

Parameter: ω₁₁ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₁₁+ω₁₁

Parameter: ω₁₄

Parameter: ω₂₂ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₂₂+ω₂₂

Parameter: ω₃₃ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₁₃²σ₂₂+σ₁₁σ₂₃²-σ₁₁σ₂₂σ₃₃+σ₁₁σ₂₂ω₃₃,
σ₁₄σ₂₃³-σ₁₃σ₂₃²σ₂₄-σ₁₄σ₂₂σ₂₃σ₃₃+σ₁₃σ₂₂σ₂₃σ₃₄+σ₁₄σ₂₂σ₂₃ω₃₃-σ₁₃σ₂₂σ₂₄ω₃₃

Parameter: ω₄₄

Total Effect of X₁ on X₄: λ₁₃λ₃₄+λ₁₄

Path-specific Effect of X₁ on X₄: λ₁₃λ₃₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₁₁σ₂₃λ₁₃λ₃₄-σ₁₃σ₂₄,
σ₁₄σ₂₃²λ₁₃λ₃₄-σ₁₃σ₂₃σ₂₄λ₁₃λ₃₄+σ₂₄²σ₃₃-σ₂₃σ₂₄σ₃₄,
σ₁₁σ₁₃²λ₁₃λ₃₄-σ₁₃²σ₁₄-σ₁₁²σ₃₃λ₁₃λ₃₄+σ₁₁σ₁₃σ₃₄

Total Effect of X₂ on X₄: λ₂₃λ₃₄ Identified

Each Parameter Identified

Back Door Criterion:


{2} ⊥ {1,3,4} | {}
{2} ⊥ {3,4} | {1}

Vanishing Ideal

Constraint Set:

σ₁₂,
σ₁₃σ₁₄σ₂₃-σ₁₃²σ₂₄+σ₁₁σ₂₄σ₃₃-σ₁₁σ₂₃σ₃₄

All constraints are determinantal

Trek-separation:

{1} ⊥ {2} | ({},{})
{1,2,3} ⊥ {3,1,4} | ({1},{3})