Parameter: λ₂₃ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₂₂λ₂₃-σ₂₃,
σ₁₂λ₂₃-σ₁₃

Single Door Criterion:

{2} ⊥ {3,4} | {}
{2} ⊥ {3} | {1}

Instrumental Variable:

1 | {}

Parameter: λ₃₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₂₃λ₃₄-σ₂₄

Instrumental Variable:

2 | {}

Parameter: ω₁₁ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₁₁+ω₁₁

Parameter: ω₁₂ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₁₂+ω₁₂

Parameter: ω₁₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₁₄σ₂₃+σ₁₃σ₂₄+σ₂₃ω₁₄,
-σ₁₄σ₂₂+σ₁₂σ₂₄+σ₂₂ω₁₄

Parameter: ω₂₂ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₂₂+ω₂₂

Parameter: ω₃₃ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₂₃²-σ₂₂σ₃₃+σ₂₂ω₃₃,
σ₁₃σ₂₃-σ₁₂σ₃₃+σ₁₂ω₃₃

Parameter: ω₃₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

σ₂₄σ₃₃-σ₂₃σ₃₄+σ₂₃ω₃₄

Parameter: ω₄₄ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₂₄²σ₃₃+2σ₂₃σ₂₄σ₃₄-σ₂₃²σ₄₄+σ₂₃²ω₄₄

Total Effect of X₂ on X₄: λ₂₃λ₃₄ Identified

Each Parameter Identified

Back Door Criterion:


{2} ⊥ {3,4} | {}

Vanishing Ideal

Constraint Set:

σ₁₃σ₂₂-σ₁₂σ₂₃

All constraints are determinantal

Trek-separation:

{1,2} ⊥ {2,3} | ({},{2})