Parameter: λ₁₂

Parameter: λ₁₃

Parameter: λ₂₃

Parameter: ω₁₁ Identified

Algebraic Equations:

-σ₁₁+ω₁₁

Parameter: ω₁₂

Parameter: ω₁₃

Parameter: ω₂₂

Parameter: ω₃₃

Total Effect of X₁ on X₃: λ₁₂λ₂₃+λ₁₃

Path-specific Effect of X₁ on X₃: λ₁₂λ₂₃

Vanishing Ideal

Zero Vanishing Ideal